[영어] crop plant science

- postulate : to suggest a theory, idea etc as a basic principle from which a further idea is formed

 ever since Darwin postulated that the tip of the root is sensitive to moisture differences, 

- transmit : to send out or carry out a signals, to pass something, übermittelen, vermitteln,

- adjoining : next to  

- elusive : difficult to describe, find, achieve or remember, schwer fassbar, schwer zu erfassen

this response has remained elusive

- disperse : to spread across over a large area, verbreiten

- laterally : towards the side, seitlich 

where it is dispersed laterally and asymmetrically to peripheral cells

- peripheral : not as important as something else, or happening at the edge of something, peripher, 

- curvature : the state of being curved or bent, Bogenlinie

- indispensable : so good or so important that you could not manage without it, him or her, wesentlich, notwendig

- coimmunoprecipitaion :  the technique of precipitating a protein antigen out of solution using an antibody that specifically binds to that particular protein. used to isolate and concentrate a particular protein from a sample containing many thousands of different proteins

coimmunoprecipitaion of plant proteins and functional complementation assays in yeast cells revealed that MIZ1 directly binds to ECA1.

- complementation : Ergänzung, 보완성

- constituent : one of the parts that a substance is made of. r Bestandteil

Suberin is a major constituent of cork

- transverse : in a position or direction that is at an angle of 90° to something else, 가로지르는 (이러면 설명이 맞음), 횡형

a transverse section 횡단면 / a transverse(horizontal) axis 수평축

- longitudinal : used to refer to lines or distances east or west of an imaginary line between the North Pole and the South Pole 

a longitudinal section 종단면 / a longitudinal (vertical) axis 세로축, 

- foraging : Futtersuche, searching for things that you can eat.

changes requires continous foraging for water to survive

- elucidate : to explane something clear, erläutern

- revoke : to say officially that law, permission is no longer in effect, kündigen

- occlusion : 기체나 액체가 고체로 흡수되는 현상, something that block a tube, when something is blocked or closed 

mediating the occlusion of phloem sieve tube elments in response to wounding

- evoking : to make someone something remember or feel emotional, hervorrufen

evokung electric signaling

- transgenic : one or more genes are added

- confocal microscopy : 공초점 현미경. 입체적으로 이미지를 딴다.

- resemble : ähnneln

- pseudocolored : 상의 본래의 색깔이 아니라 상이 갖는 데이터를 표현하기 위해 그것에 부여하는 색깔을 이른다

- convex, concave : curved out 볼록한, curving in 오목한 

- harboring : to protect someone by providing a place to hide:

miz1 mutants harboring the Cameleon Ca2ü sensor revealed lower basal Ca2+

- predispose : to influence someone to have some condition, 특정 성향을 갖게하다

predispoesed response to osmotic stress

- depict : to represent or show something in a picture or story, beschreiben, darstellen

using the two systems depicted in A

- relative to : connected with something, bezüglich

from two perspective angles relative to the phloem and xylem poles

- intensity cutoff

- prominent : very wellknown, important, prominent

a prominent continuous ongitudinal Ca signal was...

- laterlal : seitlich, relating to the sides of an object or plant or to sideways movement

by lateral mobilization, where...

- convey : vermitteln, transportieren

- corroborate : to add proof to an account, idea with new information, bestätigen, belegen

- aberration : a temporary change from the typical or usual way of behaving

- appreciable : large, noticeable enough to have an important effect, nennenswert, erheblich, merkbar

- MIZ1 regarding Ca2 signaling : 

- abundance : more than enough of something

indicated full restoration of the normal tropic response

- fused to : to join or become combined

we expressed ECA1 fused to the C terminus Nub to perform..

- which lacks functional endogenous Ca dependent ATPase : 내인성의, 내부의

- restore : 복원, 복구시키다, to bring back into use something, wiederherstellen

- consistent with in planta : always behaving or happening in a similar, especially positive way

- quantify : measure the size or amount

- did not exceed the levels in ... : to be greater than a number or amount, or to go past an allowed unit 

- propagation : 증식, to produce a new or young plant using a parent plant

- transient elevation of ca is required for root curvature toward water : lasting for only a short time, temporary, transient

- role of ER is reminiscent of the ... : making you remember a particular person, thing, ..

- strain : an plant from a particular group whose characteristics are different in some way from others.

- to attenuate the complementation of yeast strain ...  : to make something smaller, thinner, weaker

- consistent : always behaving or happening in a similar, especially positive, way, einheitlich, gleichmäßig

- is spatial distribution of Ca.. : relating to the position, area, size of Thing,  räumlich

- the mechanism downstream of this Ca signal remains to be identified. : something that happens later in a process or series of events, nachgelagert, nachgeschaltet

- ruled out : to prevent sth from happening, verwerfen?

https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%B9%84%ED%80%B4%ED%8B%B4

- culminate : 끝을 내다, it ends with it, having developed until it reaches this point:

- degradation : 열화, 또는 분해

- histidine : 단백질 구성 아미노산 20종 중 하나. 헤모글로빈에 많음. 염기성, 산과 결합하여 salt 생성

- phosphorylation : 인산화 반응, 즉 화합물에 인산기 도입. 산화적 인산화는 ATP 생성이 대표적.

- subsequent : 그 다음, happening after something else,

- facilitate : make it functional, possible

- recruitment : 보충, 모집

- endosome : 세포내 소기관. 세포내도입 endocytosis 이후 리소좀과 결합, 그 안에서 분해된다. 즉, 엔도솜은 물질을 받아서 리소좀 내에서 분해시키는 데 들고 들어오는 역할인 듯

- ubiquitination : 유비퀴틴끼리 접합하여 chain 을 형성하고 궁극적으로 모여서 단백질 분해에 중요한 작용을 함

- E3 ligase : E3 ligase 효소라고도 하며, 유비퀴틴을 기질에 붙게 하는 마지막 단계의 효소, E3가 유비퀴티네이션이 될 기질의 특이성을 결정

- promoter :유전자의 전사를 조절하는 DNA의 특정 부위. 식물 유전자의 프로모터는 호르몬 농도, 외부 환경 스트레스, 영양 상태 등에 반응하여 유전자 발현의 특이성을 부여하는 DNA 서열을 가지고 있음.

- endocytocis : 내포작용.  물질(단백질과 같은 분자)을 밖으로부터 안으로 세포막을 이용하여 삼키는 작용. 세포에 필요한 물질 중에서는 이온화되어 있거나, 큰 분자로 이루어져 있는 경우가 있는데 이들은 소수성(hydrophobic)인 세포막을 통과할 수 없기에 엔도사이토시스를 통하여 세포 안으로 운반

- impaired : 손상된

- moiety : 절반

- decipher : 판독하다

[Signaltransduktion]

- ubiquitin moiety : Hälfte, Teil

 - ectopic : 정상 위치가 아닌,

ectopic expression of FWA

 - retain : behalten, 보유하다, 함유하다